Best Practice Guidance
Human Interaction with Technology in Dementia

themes: Carers' well-being

Evaluating the effectiveness of specific contemporary technology

The rapid growth of the technological landscape and related new services have the potential to improve the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of health and social services and facilitate social participation and engagement in activities. But which technology is effective and how is this evaluated best? This section provides recommendations to evaluate the effectiveness of technology in daily life, meaningful activities and healthcare services as well as of technologies aimed to promote the Social Health of people with dementia. Examples of useful technologies in some of these areas are provided.
Technology for meaningful activities

Consider potential benefits in family carers when persons with dementia use technology

Guidance

When persons with dementia use technology for meaningful activities this may not only impact their own quality of life but also the well-being of their (primary) family carers.

Explanation and example

In the exergaming project, people with dementia were engaged in an exergaming activity or activities as usual in day care centres. We studied the effects on persons with dementia as well as on their family carers. In carers, positive effects were found in favour of the exergaming intervention, i.e. on the carers’ distress related to their relative’s neuropsychiatric symptoms and the carers’ sense of competence (after a three months intervention period).

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Take actions to alleviate carers’ involvement in eHealth research

Guidance

Effectiveness research into eHealth interventions for community dwelling persons with dementia, often rely on information from and involvement of family carers. As they may already be (over)burdened by their caregiver tasks, participation in effectiveness research may be denied. It will be helpful to think of methods to support informal carers to participate in research.

Explanation and example

In the exergaming project, a bottleneck of participation of couples into the effectiveness study, was the refusal of family carers to participate because they were already (over)burdened. To accommodate caregivers they were offered support in filling out questionnaires and a little present to thank them for their contribution. This seems to have added slightly in the number of participants in our study. Other strategies to alleviate burden of participation in eHealth research may also be considered, like data logging or ecological momentary assessments.

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Health care technologies

Further implementation of effective Internet-based carer training programmes recommended

Guidance

Internet training programmes for family carers have potential to increase carers’ well-being, to reduce distress, depression and anxiety symptoms and to increase knowledge skills.

Explanation and example

A systematic review (Egan et al. 2018) about online training programmes for family carers reported on two studies in which improvements in depression symptoms were demonstrated, two studies with overall improvements in anxiety and two studies showing reduction of stress symptoms. Good examples of informative websites and internet training programmes for family carers are ‘Mastery over Dementia’, iSupport, ‘iCARE: Stress management eTraining programme’ and the STAR E-Learning course.

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